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Identification & Distribution
The gall of Kaltenbachiella pallida on elm is closed, more-or-less globular and covered in short fine hairs. It arises from the mid-rib of the upper surface of the leaf near its base (cf. Eriosoma lanuginosum which has a similarly hairy gall, but most or all of the leaf forms a green or reddish-tinged large bladder, usually in clusters, arising at ends of twigs. Note we orselves initially confused Kaltenbachiella pallida with Eriosoma lanuginosum!)
Both images above copyright Dr László Érsek, all rights reserved.
Immature alatae (see first picture below) are pale orange yellow. The adult alatae (see second picture below) have the forewing media usually unbranched, sometimes once-branched. The body length of alatae is 1.8-2.1 mm.
Both images above copyright Dr László Érsek, all rights reserved.
The alatae migrate in summer to the roots of mint (Mentha, marjoram (Origanum vulgare), thyme (Thymus) and woundwort (Stachys). Colonies of very small yellow-white aphids develop on the roots among flocculent masses of white wax. The body length of apterae on the secondary hosts is 0.9-1.3 mm.
Both images above copyright Sharon Reid, all rights reserved.
Alatae appear in late-summmer to early-autumn and migrate to elm where eventually overwintering eggs are laid.
Kaltenbachiella pallida occurs in Britain, throughout continental Europe and in north Africa, Middle East, south-west and central Asia, west Siberia, China, and is reported also from Argentina.
Other aphids on same host:
Blackman & Eastop list about 75 species of aphids  as feeding on elms worldwide, and provides formal identification keys for aphids on Ulmus.
Most of the aphids are in five genera: Colopha, Tinocallis, Eriosoma, Kaltenbachiella, and Tetroneura.
- Of the 22 species that feed on English elm (Ulmus procera) worldwide, Baker (2015) lists 14 as occurring in Britain:
Colopha compressa,
Eriosoma anncharlotteae,
Eriosoma flavum,
Eriosoma grossulariae,
Eriosoma lanuginosum,
Eriosoma patchiae,
Eriosoma pyricola,
Eriosoma ulmi,
Kaltenbachiella pallida,
Macrosiphum euphorbiae,
Mimeuria ulmiphila,
Tetraneura ulmi,
Tinocallis platani
and
Tinocallis nevskyi.
- Of the 22 species that feed on wych elm (Ulmus glabra) worldwide, Baker (2015) lists 15 as occurring in Britain:
Aphis fabae,
Toxoptera aurantii,
Aulacorthum solani,
Colopha compressa,
Eriosoma flavum,
Eriosoma grossulariae,
Eriosoma lanuginosum,
Eriosoma patchiae,
Eriosoma ulmi,
Kaltenbachiella pallida,
Tetraneura ulmi,
Tinocallis platani,
Tinocallis nevskyi
and
Tinocallis takachihoensis.
Acknowledgements
We especially thank Dr Sharon Reid (fera ), and Dr László Érsek, for the images shown above.
We have made provisional identifications from high resolution photos of living specimens, along with host plant identity. In the great majority of cases, identifications have been confirmed by microscopic examination of preserved specimens. We have used the keys and species accounts of Blackman & Eastop (1994) and Blackman & Eastop (2006) supplemented with Blackman (1974) , Stroyan (1977) , Stroyan (1984) , Blackman & Eastop (1984) , Heie (1980-1995) , Dixon & Thieme (2007) and Blackman (2010) . We fully acknowledge these authors as the source for the (summarized) taxonomic information we have presented. Any errors in identification or information are ours alone, and we would be very grateful for any corrections. For assistance on the terms used for aphid morphology we suggest the figure provided by Blackman & Eastop (2006).
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Other aphids on the same host